In Lithuania, the dinner on Christmas Eve (known as Kūčios) is one of our most cherished celebrations, steeped in symbolism, family connection and respect for our ancestors. It is a special evening, worthy of much care. Here are some of the key rituals that surround it:
Fasting and Preparation
Traditionally, we spend the early part of Christmas Eve fasting, and no meat, dairy, or animal products are consumed. Families clean their homes meticulously, decorate the Christmas tree and set the table for the feast.
The Kūčios Table
A layer of hay is spread on the table to honour the birth of Christ in a manger, which is then covered with a white tablecloth, symbolising purity. An extra place setting is laid for deceased family members or unexpected guests, and candles are lit, creating a solemn and peaceful atmosphere, representing the light of Christ and hope.
The 12 Dishes
The Kūčios meal consists of no less than 12 dishes, symbolizing the 12 apostles and months of the year. Typical dishes include herring (served marinated, baked, or with onions and mushrooms), beetroot salad (often with beans or onions) kūčiukai (small, sweet bread rolls, served with poppy seed milk), mushrooms (usually in soups, dumplings or salads) and grain dishes (such as buckwheat and barley). If you’re short, you can always add nuts, fresh or dried fruit to make the numbers up!
Our Feast
For Kūčios 2024, I prepared the following dishes for our family:
- A beetroot, bean and onion salad
- A long-grain rice salad with sliced crab sticks, chopped onions, cucumber and mayonnaise.
- Marinated herring in vinegar, topped with fried mushrooms and onions.
- Basa – dipped in beaten egg, rolled in breadcrumbs, fried and served with potatoes (you can also use carp or any other white fish).
Having decorated the table, I lit the candles and presented the customary 12 dishes. We celebrated Christmas the best way: with joy and laughter. We played games and enjoyed our time together as a family. We hope you also had a Merry Christmas and want to wish everyone a Happy New Year!
